in protein synthesis without excess transcriptional activation and subsequent steps in mRNA processing. Additionally, translational control of gene expression has the advantage of being readily reversible, providing the cell with great flexibility in responding to various stresses. Fluoropyrimidine based chemotherapy remains as a major treatment option for advanced gastric cancer patients. Previous studies have high levels infection discovered a number of miRNAs associated with chemoresistance to 5-FU and S1 based therapy in colorectal cancer. S-1 is a novel oral dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase inhibitory fluoropyrimidine based on a biochemical modulation of 5-fluorouracil ; S-1 contains tegafur and two types of enzyme inhibitor, 5-chloro-2,4dihydroxypyridine and potassium oxonate in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1. Doxifluridine is a fluoropyrimidine derivative and is activated to 5-fluorouracil by uridine phosphorylase, which is more highly expressed in malignant cells. A number of reports have demonstrated the importance of miRNAs in gastric cancer. However, currently there is no study on miRNAs related to flupyrimidine based chemotherapy treatment. There is an urgent need to discover prognostic biomarkers to assist the clinical management of advanced gastric cancer as this will help to select patients who will have survival benefit from the treatment, avoid the toxicity to non-responders, and reduce the healthcare cost for patients. Although several miRNA profiling studies have been reported to reveal the importance of miRNA in gastric cancer with impact on cell cycle control, apoptosis, tumor invasion and metastasis, currently there is no report to link miRNA with chemotherapeutic treatments with S-1/Oxaliplatin and Doxifluridine/Oxaliplatin. In this study, we systematically investigate the relationship of selected candidate miRNAs in terms of their clinical utility in gastric cancer using archival gastric cancer FFPE specimens. These miRNAs have been previous reported to be associated with fluoropyrimidine based chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. Pre-chemotherapy samples were chosen from the S-1/Oxaliplatin and Doxifluridine/Oxaliplatin in advanced gastric cancer. We have previous demonstrated that miRNAs are rather stable in FFPE samples and it is ideal for biomarker discovery. Patients treated with S-1/Oxaliplatin had a better response than Doxifluridine/Oxaliplatin. However, there is no difference in overall patient��s survival. We discovered that miR-21 and miR-181b are significantly associated with gastric cancer outcome with S-1/Oxaliplatin based chemotherapy. To our best knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate the prognostic significance of miRNAs in gastric cancer related to S-1/ Oxaliplatin and Doxifluridine/Oxaliplatin treatment. miR-21 and miR-181b hold great potential as prognostic biomarkers in late stage gastric cancer. Stress situations are well-known to trigger autonomic and behavior responses that are accompanied by activation of several brain structures. Among these structures, the lateral septal area has been proposed as an integrative center for autonomic, neuroendocrine and behavioral responses. The LSA projects into several brain regions involved in the modulation of autonomic and behavioral stress responses. The latter includes fear and anxiety responses and learning and memory interference. Acute restraint is an uncontrollable stress situation which produces several emotional and autonomic responses.