This investigation establishes the first record of Bd and Ranavirus presence in amphibian trade in Hong Kong and demonstrates an opportunity for exposure to native amphibians. In addition, this is the first report to the authors’ knowledge of ranavirus detection in the three species testing positive in this study. Unlike previous amphibian trade investigations in Southeast Asia, a relatively high proportion of Hong Kong’s traded animals tested positive for both of these significant pathogens. Risk of pathogen spillover and potential establishment is elevated by the regions’ high volume of domestic trade in species with known pathogen susceptibility and the likelihood to persist in the wild in a wide range of habitats if released or escaped, including the Chinese bullfrog and African clawed frog. The previous lack of Bd detection in the wild and in Hong Kong trade by Rowley et al. is surprising, given the findings of this study and the long-term presence of international amphibian trade in the region. Indications of amphibian escape or release from the exotic pet trade into the wild date back as far as 1977, with Japanese red-bellied newts recorded from Sha Tau Kok in the New Territories. Due to the narrow diversity of native amphibian species previously evaluated for Bd infection and sampling bias towards post-metamorphic specimens, it remains possible that amphibian pathogens have evaded detection. Previous surveys throughout Asia have generally demonstrated widespread Bd distribution at low prevalence, and have provided some evidence for the presence of an endemic Asian lineage of Bd. Therefore, although the possibility of an historic introduction of Bd and long-term presence in Hong Kong cannot be fully disregarded, the absence of both prior detection and disease-suspected population declines suggests this phenomenon would be of low conservation concern relative to the contemporary importation of exotic disease strains that typically express higher virulence than strains considered endemic to the region. The risk of establishment of highly virulent trade-associated strains of Bd and ranavirus in Hong Kong depends largely on the continued importation and domestic sale of diseased amphibians. An analysis of trade activity from 2005–2006 showed the importation of nearly 4.3 million live amphibians into Hong Kong, comprised of at least 45 species originating from 11 countries, nine of which have reported presence of Bd and/or ranavirus in wild or traded herptiles. The majority of this trade volume involved bullfrogs intended for human consumption in Hong Kong and originated in either Thailand or China, where these pathogens have been detected in farmed and free-ranging amphibians. The risk of pathogen spillover from trade into the wild in Hong Kong is heightened by several factors additional to those mentioned above. First, each of these pathogens may cause mortality in the host with the absence of other clinical signs or lesions prior to death, which makes visual identification of illness HhAntag691 side effects difficult for traders.